Crime Story I Made

My Crime Story Draft ‘Hope hurry up! ’ Shouted my family from their mum and dad’s bedroom. ‘Come on we’re starting our dinner now! ’ Screamed Jane, ‘I’m coming, just cutting this last piece of fabric,’ I exclaimed. ‘Hope Nidon if you don’t get here now I will throw your food away with your designs. ’ I dropped all of my equipment and sprinted briskly downstairs towards my parent’s bedroom. ‘Sorry, I was just design the next big thing in fashion. Hey, don’t you dare tut Usher you will see in 15 years time I will be rich and famous. Isn’t that right mum? ’ ‘Yes, dear now hurry up we’re all starving. I perched myself onto the cushion on the hard concrete floor and started to eat. After we’d finish eating our food Jane, Crystal and me rushed upstairs to our squashy bedroom before our brothers try and get our stuff (especially my designs. ) ‘Luke, weà ¢â‚¬â„¢re going to see if we can get some vegetables. ’ Mum said from the doorway, Luke was the eldest so he was always in charge when mum and dad left us. Meanwhile, we all go outside and play 40/40 IT. We had such a great time laughing and playing until†¦ Angie shouted ‘Guy, come quick look mum dad I beat! ’ ‘In English please. Laughed Tyson, We all ran towards our parents getting beaten up, Luke tried to make them stop but they didn’t. When we had finished watching the horrific sight we sprinted to them and there on the ground they laid dead, bruised and bleeding. ‘Right, we are going to stay in the house at all times, look after each other and I will be the leader. ’ Luke said and from then on I had always been a housewife and had never been looked after by a parent. ‘Hello, Miss Nidon you have 2 interviews today, one with Will Smith at 2. 40 and the other with Joe Swash at 6. 00.Also, you have a press conference in 10 min utes. ’ Explains Amanda, ‘Yeah yeah I’m not stupid that’s why I’m the best in the business. ’ I reply marching along to my office. When I open the door my designs are all laid out perfectly around my room in there packages, when I go to sit down I land on a whoopee cushion. Slowly, I rotate around the office looking to see who did this. Then I see a luminous pink Primark plimsoll. Suddenly, I relies it’s my niece McKenzie, ‘OUT Kenzie now Auntie Hope has a busy schedule and on it, it doesn’t say playtime with McKenzie McKenna does it? I ask her ‘No, Auntie Hope sorry. ’ She replies and she walks out with her head hanging down. I am no softy so I carry on with my work. All of a sudden Amanda calls me via phone and says ‘PRESS CONFRENCE! ’ I do my hair quickly again and power walk to the lift, down the stairs and outside of HoN HQ. So many questions are thrown at me, but I only answer one and say. à ¢â‚¬ËœHoN will be introducing a new departments Furniture, accessories and books. Thank-you! ’ I bow and do a few posses and run to Cafe Rouge. Inside Cafe Rouge, it’s quiet, warm and smells of sizzling sausages.Only the sounds of rustling newspapers and knifes and forks being used can be heard. Just what I need right now. I sit down and take of my coat waiting for a waiter or waitress. Finally, a waitress comes I ask for a full English breakfast and orange juice. While, I am waiting a musclly, dark skinned and handsome man wearing a dirty overall keeps gazing at me. I try not to look back but I can’t help it, he smiles at me and I smile back chuckling a little. I stop and fiddle with my hair and text my friends Jenny and Kelly about him. I get my food and drink eating and drinking it and leave.The next few days I see him again sitting closer and closer to where I sit. This is not occasionally, it is occurring again and again until he speaks to me and I get his number. Then we meet again this time it’s a date and I am really excited. Everything is going well until†¦ I get a phone call from Angelina Jolie asking for her bright red Jumpsuit. So I have to leave. We keep meeting each other until he asks that one sentence that could change my life forever even though I have everything anybody could ask for money, wealth, fame, fortune and happiness.But one thing is missing and that is L-O-V-E! After he proposed we made marriage plan right away and decided to get married in Paris. On Sunday afternoon, I took a day of work to sort out wedding plans and introduce Jayden Swift to my family and friends. First, I showed him to Jenny and Kelly. We had a wonderful chat together talking about the future and how we met. ‘I first was attracted to her when I saw her beautiful blue, sapphire eyes, Jet Black hair cut at a even length with a fringe and wearing a sensible suit.Because I grew up in such a rough area like Hope I didn’t k now she was famous. ’ ‘Oh, sorry girls I need the toilet,’ says Jayden and then her runs off. Jenny and Kelly grab my arm and pull me towards Kelly’s room. ‘Mrs. Swift you are so stupid! ’ Says Jenny slapping my head, ‘Why him? Yes, he’s attractive but he only wants you for you fame and money! ’ Whispers Kelly, ‘No, you both don’t know what your talking about he loves me and so do I simple. ’ ‘I have had such a bad life up to this day and I’m not going to let you two ruin it for me.If you don’t like him then don’t come. ’ The faint sound of Here Comes the Bride being played softly on the piano is heard. The doors opened and everybody turned the heads to take a look at the bride (ME! ) I smile a gigantic smile showing that I am extremely happy a warm feeling is buzzing inside me as I get closer to Jay and the Priest. Jay grabs my hand and whispers ‘you look amazing. ’ I whisper back’ you’re not bad yourself. ’ Then the priest begins to ask us the questions and bless us. ‘You may now kiss the bride. Says the priest, but Jayden waits and stares at me so I kiss him. The after party was great aswel; it was in Le Brudge. At times I tended to sit out of the fun just to have a few moments wishing my parents were here to see their happy daughter. But, I had to move on and show that I appreciated what was going on now. When the after party had finished, Jay was drunk and he said many rude things to me that I thought, why did I marry him? A few days after our honeymoon in Dubai, I went to work and jay decided to sort out the house. ‘Good Morning Mrs.Swift, you have 6 interviews and 20 meetings and your first meeting is in 2 minutes. ’ Explains Amanda, ‘thank-you and from my after party I brought you some shoulders and a mini box on personalised Thornton’s chocolates. ’ I say giggling lik e a child and I skipped to my office. Today was going so well until the meetings (not the interviews, I liked talking to Arnold Schwinger, Jessica Alba, Messi, Justin Timberlake, Usain Bolt and another fashion designer. ) The day went pass slowly and on my 5th meeting, I had a mine grain and am sore all over. I had to take 7 pills in total today.Taking into consideration, I had a mine grain I left during my 9th meeting in Tokyo and flew back home. It was around 11:00pm and it was pitch black only chinks of lights were flashing as the bulb was broken. As far as I knew I could have been walking into a wall or off a cliff. I had never left this late before and didn’t like it. Tentatively, I stare until my eyes hurt only making out a dark silloute which wasn’t there. I keep walking and turn around to see if someone else is there because I have a feeling I am being followed, so I keep turning around and hearing footsteps every time I didn’t.I ignore it and am nearly at my house until I heard a voice whisper ‘why aren’t you mine. ’ Its breath smelt of whisky and I was frightened. ‘Jayden, it’s not funny why would you do that? ’ I cry ‘I am as frightened as a child having a nightmare and wetting the bed. ’ ‘What are you talking about? I’ve been here and cafe rouge all day. ’ ‘Don’t lie or you’ll be out on the streets. ’ I sob, ‘Ok, it wasn’t me but I thought we should go to dinner with my friend Benji, he’ll be here any minute now. ’ He said. DING DONG DING DONG, the bell rings I go and answer it. ‘HELLO, my beautiful chee chee. Says the man who is apparently Benji and he bows and kisses me on the lips. ‘Hey, don’t kiss me I am married you know. ’ ‘Sorry, you’re just so gorgeous. ’ He chuckles and I go bright red. Jay walks over to him and they both go of and talk together. Af ter a while, we begin to leave and head for Le Gavroche. Benji and Jay order 4 beers each and Benji orders a peri-peri meal, with a side order of frogs legs and snails and so does Jay. I order a French platter and a cocktail. I feel uncomfortable when Benji asks me about my life up to date, I only tell him about me and Jayden.When they’d finished it all cost up to ? 1005. 67. The next day I stay at home with a broken leg and a headache, I broke it by fighting with Jayden and tripping over a saucepan while running down the stairs. But, I said to the nurse ‘I fell down the stairs. ’ Today I’ve been thinking I don’t need to work anymore if I’m with Jay, I only worked to keep myself occupied and to prove my brothers wrong. Now, that I am the 3rd richest woman in the world I AM SAFE! ‘Hey Jay, I’m going to quit my job,’ I say hopping he will say yes, but it goes the other way. WHAT IS WRONG WITH YOU, DO YOU KNOW THAT WE’ LL HAVE TO LIVE ON THE STREETS! ’ He yells, ‘NO WE DON’T, I WILL STILL MAKE DESIGNS AND GET PAID BUT I WON’T GO BACK TO HoN HQ! ’ I scream, ‘WE NEED MONEY, TO SURVIVE AND BE†¦,’ he goes into a whisper and starts mumbling. ‘Yeah, that’s what I thought you married me and I was always the rich and famous one. ’ ‘No, you weren’t you were poorer than I was before and after your parent’s died. Until, 9 years ago. ’ He laughs, I wobble and feel dizzy, I shut my eyes and open it jay gets blurry and then it goes black.I wake up the next day feeling very numb, I am laid in the spare room and have a blank and my snuggie over me. A glass of water is beside my bed and a homemade cookie which say sorry drawn with chocolate icing. I giggle and giggle until I got hiccups, ‘morning sweetcakesorrychocolatebaker. ’ I say hiccupping between each word, ‘I’m sweetcakesorrychocolate baker? I am sorry about what happened yesterday I Just wanted us to be†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ and he fades off again, ‘its ok I forgave you yesterday when I passed out. ’ ‘Your sister Jane has invited us to her come dine with me dinner and asked if we could come. He said excitedly, ‘O-K L-E-T-S G-O! ’ so, I jump out of bed, have a shower and watch TV and make designs until its 6. 00pm. Jay rings the bell vigorously like a little child begging for a toy. ‘ALRIGHT WERE IN, god sake, SUCH A EAGER BEAVER! ’ Shouts a voice which sounds like a male’s voice. The door opens and standing in front of me is Jane’s husband Harry Dotter, ‘good- evening Harry Potter I need to see Dumbledore. ’ I say bowing and Harry laughs sarcastically. Jayden and I walk hand in hand toward Jane and her kids. ‘Ah, so nice to see you Mr. nd Mrs. Swift. ’ We sit down and talk until the rest of my lazy family arrives. Then we all tuck in a nd make remarks and jokes, it reminds me of the old times but not as enjoyable. Especially with the children around, (new generations. ) ‘You are one of the luckiest men around to have little Hope as your wife, she has always been loved by other men and boys. Once John Elderly asked her out and she said I rather go out with a pig than you. ’ Luke remarks and everyone laughs, until the power cut†¦ ‘Oh darn the lights are out again this street is so rubbish. Mumbles Harry, ‘Jay hold my hand. ’ I cry ‘ok. ’ He whispers faintly. We wait 5 minutes eating our food in the dark and hoping that harry will hurry up. When the lights come on, we all jump and cheer. I kiss Jay and then relies we should separate our hands. I ask him questions and he doesn’t answer I turn to look at him and then I see a sliver, gleaming blade plunged into his heart imprinted he wasn’t worthy and a puddle of blood beneath my feet. (www. toptable. co. u k/details. cfm/qs/rid|267/refid|visit/)

Economics of All You Can Eat Buffets

The notion of paying one set cost for ‘unlimited' quantities of a good or service is certainly appealing, and that appeal is exactly what all-you-can-eat (AYCE) restaurants take advantage of. Gobi Brighton, an all-you-can-eat barbeque restaurant in England, offers unlimited servings of Asian and Middle-eastern foods for one fixed price of 12 pounds. Of course, no customer will actually eat an infinite quantity.Taking this factor into account, and given the various costs the restaurant must pay to deliver the service, this fixed price that consumers pay is determined such that the restaurant will profit in the long-run despite the quantity customers individually eat. Andy and George, however, two middle-aged men who frequently visit this AYCE restaurant, were recently kicked out and banned from Gobi Brighton because, according to the manager of the restaurant, they were â€Å"[eating] the restaurant out of business† (Dartford 2012).While it is certainly possible that busi ness may not be so great for Gobi Brighton these days, whether two customers can be blamed for it or not is another question. This paper will analyze the economic principles of AYCE restaurants and determine if it was possible for Andy and George to have been actually eating Gobi Brighton â€Å"out of business† with their appetite for Asian and Middle-eastern food. Buffets, or AYCE restaurants, can be very profitable because costs paid by the restaurant are much lower compared to those of an a la carte restaurant.Customers are given plates and head to the food counters to get whatever they like instead of ordering from a menu. Consequently, these restaurants have little need for waiters, and thus have less demand for them compared to other restaurants. Furthermore, because food is prepared in large quantities at a time as opposed to being prepared non-stop and on-demand, there is also a lower demand for cooks. On the other hand, buffets require continuous upkeep to ensure foo d safety and presentable aesthetics.Overall though, labour costs for AYCE restaurants are much lower compared to those of other restaurants. Because buffets have reduced production costs, they can afford to charge less to consumers if it means getting more business. Some restaurants use this strategy, but most choose not to because it doesn't lead to profit-maximizing results. Instead, AYCE restaurants take advantage of the law of diminishing marginal utility and how it plays a key role in any customer's ability to consume at a buffet.The manager knows that each additional plate of food provides less utility, or less satisfaction, than the one before. As a result, most people will eat only until the utility derived from an additional serving of food is slightly lower than the utility gained from the first dish. Buffets generate a profit by charging a price which is above the price of the food that the average customer consumes. This strategy assumes that, before the customer consume s a quantity of food where the total cost to the firm is greater than the price of the buffet, their marginal utility will be zero.This expectation was not met in the case of Andy and George. People who go to buffets usually fall into one of two categories of AYCE customers. One group eats regular portions and does one, maybe two trips to the buffet station. These customers are unlikely to eat a value equal to or above the fixed price they paid for the buffet, and thus contribute the most to the accounting profits of AYCE restaurants. The second group of buffet customers consist of over-eaters. They enter a buffet with the intention of getting their value's worth, if not more, of food.These customers are usually familiar buffets and their own capacity for food, and are confident heading into the restaurant because they are certain that they are getting a good deal. These kinds of buffet customers are more likely to consume a quantity of food that is of greater value that of the buff et price. It is here that we find Andy and George, the two over-eaters that were eating Gobi Brighton out of business. After Andy and George paid their 12 pounds, they sat down and each downed five bowls of stir fry before getting kicked out.If the manager was being honest when he said these two customers were putting him out of business, that would mean that those five bowls of stir fry caused the restaurant to go from making accounting profits, where revenue exceeds production cost, to making no profits whatsoever, where revenue equals production cost. Is it possible for ten bowls of stir fry to put this restaurant out of business? One bowl of stir fry these days never costs more than 5 pounds to the producer (Taste 2011).Since Andy and George collectively consumed ten bowls of stir fry, we can assume that up until they were kicked out of the restaurant, the business of the two men cost the restaurant fifty pounds. Beforehand, they each paid 12 pounds for the buffet service, so th e restaurant received 24 pounds as revenue. Consequently, without taking other production costs into account, Gobi Brighton was making a negative accounting profit of 26 pounds. This means that before Andy and George even entered the restaurant, Gobi Brighton was at least 26 pounds away from being unable to sustain its own service.If Gobi Brighton was a perfectly competitive firm in a perfectly competitive industry, then the restaurant has little say in the price because they take whatever price is established by the market equilibrium, and this would explain the poor business (see Figure 1). Raising the price, even by a little, would result in the customers going elsewhere and they would lose all their sales, as shown in point A. Lowering the price to point B, would also be ineffective because they can only sell as much as they can produce, which is a fixed quantity.They would lose even more capital, especially for a buffet service where, theoretically, an infinite quantity of food is being offered. Thus, in a perfectly competitive industry, Gobi Brighton would be forced to continue selling their buffet service at a market price of 12 pounds. Perfect competition could explain how Gobi Brighton was going out of business because of these two men, and thus had to resort to kicking the men out of the restaurant. The fact is, however, that Gobi Brighton is far from being a perfectly competitive firm in a perfectly competitive industry.Buffet prices are not fixed, not all buffets are the same, and buyers and sellers do not have complete information about service. In fact, according to Yelp, Asian and Middle-eastern restaurants are not that common in England, so the restaurant could have raised it's price for a short while, or tried reducing costs by laying off a worker or two since business was clearly not doing so well to begin with (Yelp 2012). Gobi Brighton is an all-you-can-eat restaurant located in Brighton, England that recently kicked out two customers for e ating too much and claimed they were putting the restaurant out of business.Not only does common buffet pricing strategies suggest it is very unlikely that two over-eating customers alone could do this, but Gobi Brighton could have improved business a number of ways since it isn't a perfectly competitive firm. Perhaps instead of marketing itself as an all-you-can-eat restaurant, Gobi Brighton may want to consider switching to an a la carte service, especially if they feel like their business is threatened by the very demographic that buffet restaurants appeal to most.

Is Democracy the Best Form of Political System?

Although there are many virtues to enjoy about democracy and democratic forms of government and political systems, this form of government has still many impending challenges yet to be accomplished. In that sense, I agree with Winston Churchill, on the grounds that â€Å"democracy is the worst form of government except all the others that have been tried† (Churchill). Looking at democracy through both its weaknesses and strengths in comparison to other forms of government makes it evident that it is the best form of political system we have, democracy has been subject to problems with, tyranny of the minority, and collective action.Despite all the democratic weaknesses of this form of government, democracy is still highly consistent in terms of Unpredictable outcomes, managing diversity. Lipset, in Political Man, described democracy as â€Å" a political system which supplies regular constitutional opportunities, and a social mechanism which permits the largest possible part of the population to influence major decisions by choosing among contenders for political office†(Glazer). This definition is generally accepted in a democratic heaven in which the heavenly chorus does not sing with a strong upper-class accent (lecture), but this is not always the case.Despite the democratic institutions based on the principle of equal opportunity, political power is not always distributed equally in a democracy. This is clearly seen in India where the â€Å"high cost of campaigning and the opaque system of election finance have titled the electoral odds heavily in favour of the very rich or the easily corrupted† (Ronjoy Sen 90). Although, similar problems can be found in other forms of governments and political system, what differentiates democracy from other regimes is how it manages to deal with those problems.For instance, in Germany’s authoritarian Fascist regime, â€Å"Hitler was very much his own master† (Henry Turner), and his war aims eventually led Germany to a world war conflict. By comparing Fascist Germany to India’s corrupt democracy, it is clearly demonstrated while, â€Å"small groups of leader have the final say in all important matters†(Sen), democracy is still a political system which allows the largest part of the population to influence major decisions. This is best illustrated when â€Å"India’s unpopular BJP Party lost power nationally in an election† (Nathan Glazer 18).Not every democracy will succeed in dealing with challenges of tyranny of minority and corruption, but democratic forms of government have institutions which offer capacity to change leaders in response to public discontent without changing the system. Collective action is a classical challenge in democracy and democratic forms of government. According to Blais, one of the main criteria for assessing electoral systems is representativeness. â€Å"This guarantees an electoral system in which the vote reflects as precisely as possible citizen’s preferences† (Blais 5).However, one of the challenges of a democratic electoral system is even if we have the right to express our views; we would not take advantage of it. As Olson in the article A Theory of Groups and Organization, notes, â€Å"Individuals in any group attempting collective action will have incentives to free ride if the group is working to provide public goods†(Olson). This is because the information cost of researching different candidates makes voting irrational, since the benefits of voting are not entirely clear.As a result, this promotes free riding, and a democratic government which vote does not reflect citizen’s preferences. If†¦ then not only it will be difficult by large groups to achieve their interests in common, but situations could occur where small groups can take over the majority’s incentives. However, what differentiates a democratic form of government from a tota litarian communist a regime is how it deals with the collective action problem with the help of institutional features such as courts.Courts are important political players in democracy. They are expected to moderate, and deal with challenges of democratic politics, not a setting for Stalin’s show trials. As Nathan Glazer put it, â€Å"Courts are accepted as ultimate arbiters not to be irresponsibly challenged. They can take unpopular positions that elected representative bodies cannot or do not, and in doing so they sustain the liberal objectives of democracies† (Nathan Glazer 19). Democracy is mainly about unpredictable outcomes.What makes democracy highly consistent is not knowing what the next election turnout will be, but having confidence that the candidate with a majority of votes would be elected. The essential goal of democracy is to provide a fair degree of uncertainty. What makes this form of government unique in contrast to China’s authoritarian regi me is its ability to allow an alternation of power. For instance, in a democratic election, as Andre Blais had noted, â€Å"Losers believe that even though they may have lost this time there is a real possibility that they will win another time.Because, even though they do not like the outcome, they recognize that the procedure is legitimate† (Blais 3). This raises the question under what conditions; losers peacefully accept the outcome of the election? One can argue that it is due to the fact that democracy is centered on the rule of the law as opposed to the rule of man. Democratic forms of government and political systems are structured by institutions and these institutions direct how political parties function.In example, they determine how legislation passes through parliament or when a citizen is eligible to vote. Therefore, what makes democracy unpredictable in terms of outcome is the perception that each vote counts the same since laws are submitted to all citizens a nd are protected by the constitution. But in the case of China’s authoritarian regime, as premier Li Peng put it, â€Å"to allow the demonstrating students to negotiate with party and government as equal would be to negate the leadership of the CCP and negate the entire socialist party† (Andrew Nathan 39).This makes it more likely the alteration of power in China, should it come, will occur through a rupture, since an authoritarian â€Å"regime is unwilling to relax the ban on autonomous political forces† (Nathan 39). We live in a diverse world and globalization has only made diversity within nations and states more prominent. Democracies and democratic forms of government perform a better job of administrating and managing diversity. This is best exemplify when Nathan Glazer, in the article Democracy and Deep Divides, states, â€Å"Not every democracy will succeed in dealing with its deep divides.But democracy has institutional features which offer the hope th at every part of the population will feel part of the whole† (Glazer 19). What differentiates democracy from Hitler’s anti-Semitic regime or China’s repressive government is how it deals with managing diversity. Democratic forms of government â€Å"promise to address deep divisions more successfully than any alternative†(Glazer) because there are often times characterized by their moderating power.Democracies function to maintain moderate accesses and radicalism, by adhering to norms of inclusion; this ensures citizens are included in a political process whether in terms of voting, engaging in a civil society movement , or having the rights to express ideas in terms of freedom of press and assembly. However, in a non-democratic government like China’s authoritarian regime â€Å"civil society organization and religious groups have to keep a low profile in order to avoid repression† (Nathan 38).According to Nathan’s Authoritarian Imperma nence, this is because â€Å"the regime has not become enmeshed in the logic of institutions created as safety valves to preserve its rule† (Nathan). As Andrew Nathan once remarked, â€Å"Democratic regimes, by contrast, often elicit disappointment and frustration, but they confront no rival from that outshines them in prestige. Authoritarian regimes in this sense are not forever. They live under the shadow of the future, vulnerable to existential challenges that mature democratic systems do not face† (Nathan 38).Democracy and democratic forms of government and political system have been subject to challenges of tyranny of minority, and collection. Despite the democratic weaknesses of this form of government, democracy is still highly consistent in terms of unpredictable outcomes, and managing diversity. Similar problems can be found in other regime types like China’s authoritarian regime, Hitler’s Fascist Germany, and Stalin’s totalitarian communi st regime. What differenciates democracy from other forms of government is how it deals with those problems by the help of free political parties, contested elections, and court.

Poems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Poems - Essay Example It has successfully preserved its lyrical tendency howsoever blunt and limited with vocabulary within the main characters domestic domain. Like any other ordinary case, Woman work thus altogether depicts in it a realistic common woman type whod often be found enumerating routinary tasks in a nearly resenting tone (as in the poems beginning). Its capability to sound as such suggests an image of the speaker as relative to the real picture of an individual under a working class whose wage doesnt go above average for otherwise she would have been able to afford a helper on whom to delegate a fraction of her load. Also, with the things in the list-to-do order, the poet wants the reader to imagine more how rustic and tough a life is for a single mother or a woman without a reliable parter to depend on. Such is an attribute of a poorly developed society where this case is most usual. Not only does the poem pertain to a traditional mother but also exemplifies a woman who volunteers or has ma de chief career out of social works in her poor community. The lines I got company to feed...the tots to dress, the can to be cut..then see about the sick, all attest to that. Similarly, the side of nature which the speaker seeks to attain as a resolution to the initial setting, provides further allusion to her economy. Having mentioned sunshine, rain, dewdrops, storm, sky, mountain, and oceans she can call her own greatly symbolizes a status that hopes for a rather inexpensive means to soften the stress out and build up comfort and peace without having to pay another human service where appropriate, since a mere freedom to experience such wonders of nature is free of charge. The natural sensibility brought by this attitude makes the poetic content literal and at the same time figurative for acquiring a good transition between contrasts as the irony begins adapting a normal tone and remains either subtle or neglects to assume much

Marx, Weber and Durkheim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marx, Weber and Durkheim - Essay Example From this research it is clear that  a profound reflection of some of the analytic conceptions and broad historical perspectives of Max Weber, it becomes lucid that he assimilated the conservative, liberal, and socialist elements to transform and integrate them into the complex pattern of his works. In fact, his cautionary critique against the apocalyptic social revolutionary predictions in Marx suggests that Weber opened himself to some of the influences from his opponents. Weber’s essential critique of Marx’s philosophy was the result of a thorough understanding of the various principles of Marxism. â€Å"Much of Weber's own work is of course informed by a skilful application of Marx's historical method. Weber, however, used this method as a ‘heuristic principle.’ As a view of world history, Marxism seemed to him an untenable monocausal theory and thus prejudicial to an adequate reconstruction of social and historical connections.†This paper outl ines that  Weber criticized the apocalyptic social revolutionary predictions in Marx which emphasize a segmental perspective with great significance while reducing the multiplicity of casual elements to a single-factor theorem. However, Weber did not directly attack historical materialism as completely wrong, but opposed its claim if establishing a single casual sequence.  Durkheim is another social critic who made pertinent contribution to the sociological perspectives of the period.

Advertisement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advertisement - Essay Example In this advertisement, the target audience is both sexes. According to the photographs in the ad, we can clearly see that both these people are young, so the advertisement is meant for the young generation. Both of them are also very good-looking, even though they are wearing plain clothing, which helps to focus more on their beauty. They are both making physical, sensual contact with each other, which shows the supposed effect of the fragrance. Also, we can see that the involvement of both sexes shows us that the product at hand should be used by both the male and the female population. On the other hand, it’s clearly evident that the advertisement, which involves introducing a new product into the market, is meant to call attention to the product so that the target audience can be attracted to it, like it and at the end of the day purchase the product. The person viewing the advertisement is made aware that the fragrance is new because only new items usually end up in magazines, since those are the ones that the companies feel an audience would like. The advertisement also clearly states that the product is new, prompting the audience to want to give this new fragrance a try. Through this presentation, the audience is enticed to try the effect of the fragrance for themselves. Similarly, there is a message in this advertisement that is somehow overt and has been used to attract the probable buyers of the fragrance. In this case, the fragrance is meant to make the buyer feel good and also make the person be more desirable to others. According to the press release, â€Å"CK One is about connecting with the group, CK Be is about connecting with yourself, and CK IN2U is all about connecting with another person† (Osmoz). In a more hidden meaning which acts as a reinforcement to the previous message, the user of the perfume will be more

Delivery of Customer Value of Coca Cola Company Assignment

Delivery of Customer Value of Coca Cola Company - Assignment Example The company has gone a long way till the present times when it has more than 3000 beverage products serving in more than 200 countries making huge sales and satisfying customers to the utmost level. The company intends to expand their products and services and advance their features towards making their brand and services stronger thus attracting more customers and reach out to the global market as the leader in the beverage industry in the world (Our Company). The current study focuses on the company’s products, pricing, distribution, and promotion to reflect the value that the company provides to its customers. Â  The primary mission of the Coca-Cola Company is to serve its products to its customers to refresh them, arouse pleasure and cheerfulness and create value making a difference in the industry. In order to achieve this mission, the company’s objectives include overviewing the changes in the trends and preferences of choices of the customers. Also, the company has its focus on achieving and maintaining quality growth and its objectives include the 6 Ps that are the main concerns of the company. These 6Ps are the people, portfolio, partners, planet, profit, and productivity. The company intends to be highly effective in its performances thus generating huge profits for the company as well as satisfying the employees and the customers of the organization. The company focuses on providing the employees with a suitable workplace to enhance their level of performance. Also, the organizational objectives include maintaining a quality oriented portfolio of products keeping its focus on the market and following their values (Mission, Vision & Values). Â  

Comparing Two Works of Sculpture and Exploring how Their Styles Create Essay

Comparing Two Works of Sculpture and Exploring how Their Styles Create Different Kinds of Meaning - Essay Example In the end, both are effective and significant for their sites, their composition, their figure styles, and the symbolism they embody. The site of the Littlefield Fountain is very inviting and essentially forms not just a sculpture, but a landmark. The sculpture itself is not readily recognizable from a distance, as one first notices the fountain and its water surrounding the sculpture before really seeing the focus at the center of it all. The sculpture and its surroundings seem to be the focal point of the south mall entrance on the University of Texas campus, and thus as your approach the general area your attention is drawn first to the pathway leading to the south mall, then to the fountain it intersects with unavoidably. Upon, arrival, the sculpture dominates the scene, and is easily viewed by anyone who comes to sit beside the fountain—however, it is not an open site in that visitors are expected to walk among the figures and see them face to face. The location itself o ffers a place for students and others to meet and gather, being by nature a landmark, but also is for viewing by passersby who are find their way to the south mall, although the sculpture is not visible from its rear. Again, it serves as a landmark, as one can steer himself in the right direction by seeking out the Littlefield Fountain. ... It is the centerpiece of the small plaza, serving as a quaint piece of artwork that adds some sophistication to the locale, but does not intend to dominate the area nor awe those who pass by. Visitors may be either entering or exiting the building as they go by, or perhaps taking a break between classes and sitting in the plaza. The sculpture is visible from all angles, but the ideal viewpoint is coming up the steps as you enter, where you may look at the faces of all three figures; other angles do not invite the same contemplation and involvement. The area around the statue is designed in a way that people will spend time sitting still around the statue, and thus its serves as the source of some peaceful atmosphere in the plaza. The Littlefield Fountain is intended to be much more powerful, impressive, and unmistakable than The Family Group, as it is conjoined with a fountain and serves as a landmark for the entire campus. The open surrounds suggest that it is situated in a place of motion, unlike The Family Group’s place of calm and rest. The angle of the fountain also serves to welcome people as they approach the south mall, perhaps in the same way that The Family Group welcomes people as they enter the building, but the former is only view on approach while the latter is visible no matter where one is in the vicinity. Overall, the Littlefield Fountain is meant to direct people’s attention toward it and be the landmark associated with an entire area, while The Family Group serves as a subtle centerpiece to a more isolated area, created a less â€Å"in your face† impression. The composition of the Littlefield Fountain emphasizes a

Chicago as global city_Census analysis_1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 Dissertation

Chicago as global city_Census analysis_1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 - Dissertation Example Methodological Framework. For the purposes of the present study, a problematique of urban restructuring serves as its principal object. With this in mind, two core aspects will be highlighted. The first one is connected with the occupational shift brought about by neoliberal globalization, which is inescapably followed by the emergence of the â€Å"dual city† (Mollenkopf and Castells) class structure, i.e. the development of the new professional-managerial class, on the one hand, and the growth of the ranks of service worker-composed underclass, on the other. The latter aspect is, in fact, adjacent to the former one, resulting from the need to cope with the problem of the formation of new consumption models that are directly tied to the newest changes in production/occupational patterns. For that reason, the research in post-modern urban geography, with a specific focus on its relationship with capitalism, is of utmost importance – as demonstrated, inter alia, by the pi votal works by David Harvey. That said, an examination of the intricacies of the neoliberal transformation of Chicago in the decades from the 1980 on is scarcely possible without taking into account the results of the censuses that document the demographical changes that transpired in the city for the duration of this period. That is why it is necessary to turn the attention of a researcher to these data. Chicago Census Data as a Source. The main purpose of a census is to provide information on socio-economic and demographic variables of a given population groups. That is why the use of U.S. Censuses and related datasets are of utmost importance within the context of the present study. The comparative analysis of the cumulative changes in Chicago’s demographics and particularly occupational structure will be duly reflected in this study’s analysis. Chicago’s Data for the Period of 1980 – 1990 Summary. Within this period, the city of Chicago still retained certain basic elements of a Fordist, industry-dominated, social structure. The following table may reflect some underlying trends that nevertheless brought about a gradual shift towards a more ‘post-modern’ situation. Missouri State Census Data Center: Basic Demographic Trend Report United States Cities AREA: Chicago city GEOCODE:17-1051 IL ------1980------ ------1990------ ----CHANGE---- CHG VARIABLE VALUE PCT VALUE PCT AMOUNT PCT IN % ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- T1. TOTAL PERSONS....... 3,005,078 100.0% 2,783,726 100.0% -221352 -7.4 LIVING IN FAMILIES.... 2,519,648 83.8% 2,274,594 81.7% -245054 -9.7 -2.1 IN GROUP QUARTERS..... 46,066 1.5% 46,903 1.7% 837 1.8 0.2 IN RURAL AREAS........ 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0 T2. RACE / HISPANIC WHITE................. 1,512,411 50.3% 1,265,953 45.5% -246458 -16.3 -4.9 AFRICAN-AMERICAN...... 1,197,174 39.8% 1,086,389 39.0% -110785 -9.3 -0.8 ASIAN & PAC. ISLANDER. 73,745 2.5% 104,141 3.7% 30,396 41.2 1.3 AM. INDIAN, ESK. ALEUT 6,804 0.2% 6,761 0.2% -43 -0.6 0.0 HISPANIC (ANY RACE)... 423,357 14.1% 535,315 19.2% 111,958 26.4 5.1 T3. PERSONS BY AGE UNDER 5............... 231,181 7.7% 214,994 7.7% -16,187 -7.0 0.0

Workshop tasks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Workshop tasks - Essay Example 36 percent of independent travel agents and 9.6 percent of multiple travel agents responded to the survey. The overall response among both types of travel agents was 19.5 percent. The majority (69.23 percent) of respondents were independent travel agents. 59 percent travel agents were not owned by a parent company. Among travel agents, 49 percent had a single branch, 20 percent had 2-4 branches, 18 percent had 5-10 branches, and 13 percent had more than 10 branches. 31 percent respondents felt that contributing to the local economy was very important, 49 percent respondents felt that contributing to the local economy was somewhat important, 8 percent respondents felt that contributing to the local economy was of little importance, 10 percent of respondents felt that contributing to the local economy was of no importance, and 2 percent of respondents did not respond to the question. 33 percent of the respondents felt that protecting the local environment was very important, 41 percent of the respondents felt that protecting the local environment was somewhat important, 15 percent of the respondents felt that protecting the local environment was of little importance, 8 percent of the respondents felt that protecting the local environment was of no importance, and 3 percent respondents did not respond to the question. 61 percent of the respondents felt that understanding the local culture and customs was very important, 18 percent of the respondents felt that understanding the local culture and customs was somewhat important, 10 percent of the respondents felt that understanding the local culture and customs was of little importance, 8 percent of the respondents felt that understanding the local culture and customs was of no importance, and 3 percent respondents did not respond to the question. The majority of respondents felt that contributing to the

Pay Raise Negotiation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pay Raise Negotiation - Essay Example t her future here is bright, that we hold her on high esteem and that we are ready to give her bigger responsibilities which we are confident she is ready to take on. I would point out that leaving the company now is not a good idea and ask questions like; Do you really think thank that leaving your project unfinished is the best thing to do? You have work on it for two years, and just when you are almost done you want to pack up and leave? You and I know what this project you are working on is worth and so you only cannot leave and then go to Worksmart.com to start from scratch. You will have wasted two years of your life and who knows what could happen there? In addition, I would also say that she is leading the project and going to another company, she could be asked to work under someone else. I would also make a wise threat like â€Å"If you leave we will simply complete the project in a few months and we will be in business making lots of profits and having gained all the benefits of being pioneers in this field. Don’t you want to make this a success story?† I would tell her about the policy to freeze salaries because the company has been making losses and tell her that once the project is done and we start making profits all the employee salaries will be increased; Approximately 3 % salary increment. The package will be attractive and more than what she has been offered at Worksmart.com to a sum of $270,000 per year. I would also bring about the problems involved in moving from Boston. According to (Garwood, 1984) Illinois has a high unemployment rate a factor that contributes to insecurity and crime. It is also easier to find accommodation in Boston than in Illinois because houses there are a bit more expensive. This in turn, makes the living expense in Illinois expensive. Boston also has good weather compared to Illinois. The startup business scene in Boston grew a lot in 2013 and its going to have an even bigger growth in 2014 according to (Kirsner,

Medical Tourism in India Essay Example for Free

Medical Tourism in India Essay After the silicon rush India is now considered as the golden spot for treating patients mostly from the developed countries and Far East for ailments and procedures of relatively high cost and complexity. India is also aggressively promoting medical tourism in the current years -and slowly now it is moving into a new area of medical outsourcing, where subcontractors provide services to the overburdened medical care systems in western countries. Indias National Health Policy declares that treatment of foreign patients is legally an export and deemed eligible for all fiscal incentives extended to export earnings. Government and private sector studies in India estimate that medical tourism could bring between $1 billion and $2 billion US into the country by 2012. Going by the Statistics and various studies it can be easily said that India would be the leader in medical tourism within the next decade if only it could improve the infrastructure and tour attractions. The question or rather the doubt that is often asked by critics is how can India provide top line medical care to outsiders while more than 40% of its people languished below poverty line and less than 20% of its people can actually afford medical services. Ethically and morally this problem has to be solved if India has to move into the category of developed country and also as a place which provides medical care to both its own people and patients from other country The aim of this project is to put a finger on the highly profitable service of medical care combined with tourism in which India is currently considered as a market leader. It has been a known fact for past many decades that Indian doctors are highly skillful in their given field since all around the globe mot hospitals have doctors of Indian origin. Therefore it became almost natural that this trend extended to India. This project also aims to show why India is attracting medical tourists, is it really a secure destination and how India can promote and develop this particular activity in the coming years so as face competition given by other Asian and African options. CHAPTER .2 Research and Methodology Introduction The objective of this chapter is to present the research methodology of the present study. The chapter deals with various aspects of research methodology on Medical tourism in India and a comparative analysis are made. For the present study as more emphasis was laid down on discovery of ideas and insights is can be called descriptive research as on attempt have been made to get insight into the Medical tourism in India. Further, the study is also and descriptive nature as a descriptive study is typically concerned with determines. Here, attempts have been made to find out the correlation of people towards Medical tourism in India. Objective The key objective of the project is to study the emerging opportunities and future prospects in the Indian medical tourism market. The project discusses various industry trends and growth drivers that are fuelling growth in the market and tries to study their impact on the future scenario. Basic Research Problem of the Study Competition and marketing issues are seen as the major problems facing organisations involved in medical tourism. Other key issues are: †¢ Insufficient demand †¢ Insurance and liability issues †¢ Lack of quality standards and international standards †¢ Lack of professionalism within the industry Assumption of the Study According to medical tourism facilitators the leading medical tourism destinations are India, Thailand, USA, Hungary and Malaysia. The USA, UK and Russian Federation are seen as the leading source of patients both now and in the future. Countries rated as providing the best overall service to patients are Thailand, India, and Singapore. Respondents predicted that India, Thailand, and Singapore will also be the leading medical tourism destinations in five years time. Methods of Data Collection The data has collected in two ways. †¢ Primary Data: Primary data are those, which are collected for the first time, and they are original in character. Primary data gives higher accuracy and facts, which is very helpful for any research and its findings. I have collected primary data by personal interview. †¢ Secondary data: The secondary data are those, which are already collected by someone for some purpose and are available for the present study. Secondary data was collected from the magazines, websites and other such sources. CHAPTER .3 Medical tourism: A Global perspective Medical tourism happens when patients go to a different country for either urgent or elective medical procedures. This phenomenon is fast becoming a worldwide, multibillion-dollar industry. The reasons patients travel for treatment vary. Many medical tourists from the United States are seeking treatment at a quarter or sometimes even a 10th of the cost at home. From Canada, it is often people who are frustrated by long waiting times. From Great Britain, the patient cant wait for treatment by the National Health Service but also cant afford to see a physician in private practice. For others, becoming a medical tourist is a chance to combine a tropical vacation with elective or plastic surgery. And moreover patients are coming from poorer countries such as Bangladesh where treatment may not be available and going for surgery in European or western developed countries is expensive. The interesting thing of Medical tourism is that it is a concept which is actually thousands of years old. In ancient Greece, pilgrims and patients came from all over the Mediterranean to the sanctuary of the healing god, Aesculapius, at Epidaurus. In Roman Britain, patients took a dip in the waters at a shrine at Bath, a practice that continued for 2,000 years as it was believed that the waters had a healing property. From the 18th century wealthy Europeans travelled to spas from Germany to the Nile. In the 21st century, relatively low-cost jet travel has taken the industry beyond the wealthy and desperate. Countries that actively promote medical tourism include Cuba, Costa Rica, Hungary, India, Israel, Jordan, Lithuania, Malaysia and Thailand. Belgium, Poland and Singapore are now entering the field. South Africa specializes in medical safaris-visit the country for a safari, with a stopover for plastic surgery, a nose job and a chance to see lions and elephants. Thailand While, so far, India has attracted patients from Europe, the Middle East and Canada, Thailand has been the goal for Americans. India initially attracted people who had left that country for the West; Thailand treated western expatriates across Southeast Asia. Many of them worked for western companies and had the advantage of flexible, worldwide medical insurance plans geared specifically at the expatriate and overseas corporate markets. With the growth of medical-related travel and aggressive marketing, Bangkok became a centre for medical tourism. Bangkoks International Medical Centre offers services in 26 languages, recognizes cultural and religious dietary restrictions and has a special wing for Japanese patients The medical tour companies that serve Thailand often put emphasis on the vacation aspects, offering post-recovery resort stays. South Africa South Africa also draws many cosmetic surgery patients, especially from Europe, and many South African clinics offer packages that include personal assistants, visits with trained therapists, trips to top beauty salons, post-operative care in luxury hotels and safaris or other vacation incentives. Because the South African rand has such a long-standing low rate on the foreign-exchange market, medical tourism packages there tend to be perpetual bargains as well. Argentina Argentina ranks high for plastic surgery, and Hungary draws large numbers of patients from Western Europe and the U.S. for high-quality cosmetic and dental procedures that cost half of what they would in Germany and America. Dubai Lastly, Dubaia destination already known as a luxury vacation paradiseis scheduled to open the Dubai Healthcare City by 2010. Situated on the Red Sea, this clinic will be the largest international medical center between Europe and Southeast Asia. Slated to include a new branch of the Harvard Medical School, it also may be the most prestigious foreign clinic on the horizon. Other countries Other countries interested in medical tourism tended to start offering care to specific markets but have expanded their services as the demand grows around the world. Cuba, for example, first aimed its services at well-off patients from Central and South America and now attracts patients from Canada, Germany and Italy. Malaysia attracts patients from surrounding Southeast Asian countries; Jordan serves patients from the Middle East. Israel caters to both Jewish patients and people from some nearby countries. One Israeli hospital advertises worldwide services, specializing in both male and female infertility, in-vitro fertilization and high-risk pregnancies. South Africa offers package medical holiday deals with stays at either luxury hotels or safaris. Leading countries in the field of medical tourism CHAPTER .4 Indian tourism: An overview Tourism will expand greatly in future mainly due to the revolution that is taking place on both the demand and supply side. The changing population structure, improvement in living standard, more disposable income, fewer working hours and long leisure time, better educated people, ageing population and more curious youth in the developed as well as developing countries, all will fuel the tourism industry growth. The arrival of a large number of customers, better educated and more sophisticated, will compel the tourist industry to launch new products and brands and re-invents traditional markets. The established traditional destinations founded on sun-sea-sand products will have to re-engineer their products. They must diversify and improve the criteria for destinations and qualities of their traditional offers. Alongside beach tourism, the tourism sector will register a steady development of new products based on natural rural business, leisure and art and culture. Thus the study of new markets and emerging markets and necessity of diversified products are the basis of our strategy, which can enhance and sustain, existing and capture new markets. It is India’s vastness that challenges the imagination: the sub-continent, 3200km (2000 miles) from the mountainous vastness of the Himalayas in the north to the tropical lushness of Kerala in the south, is home to one sixth of the world’s population, a diverse culture and an intoxicatingly rich history. Desert in Rajasthan, tropical forests in the north eastern states, arid mountains in the delta region of Maharashtra and Karnataka and vast fertile planes in northern states of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana etc are just some of the geographical diversity that can be observed. We have a wealth of archeological sites and historical monuments. Manpower costs in the Indian hotel industry are one of the lowest in the world. This provides better margins for any industry which relies on man power. One of the fascinations of India is the juxtaposition of old and new; centuries of history – from the pre-historic Indus civilization to the British Raj – rub shoulders with the computer age; and Bangalores ‘Silicon Valley’ is as much a part of the worlds largest democracy as the remotest village is.

Analysing the Concept of and Impact of Culture

Analysing the Concept of and Impact of Culture More than a half century ago noted American poet T. S. Eliot eloquently expressed the complexity of the term culture, a term that is used so freely and with so little aforethought today. As Eliot learned, culture is quite difficult to define. He succeeded in describing the term, as Lord Evans (2001) noted, but a definition eluded even someone with Eliots gift for words. But Eliot was not alone in wrestling with defining culture; experts in a variety of disciplines have yet to agree on a consensus definition and some even contest the concept of culture itself. As this essay will demonstrate, controversy surrounding the concept of culture can be attributed, to a large degree, to the failure by those who study the topic to adopt a widely-accepted definition that adequately captures the complexity of the term. After presenting the results of a literature review on various definitions of culture and the topic of culture as a contested concept, the focus of the essay turns to the significance of culture in conflict resolution, demonstrating that culture is a critical factor in successfully resolving conflicts and, further, that a consensus definition for culture that reflects the realities of modern society would facilitate the conflict resolution process. Culture Defined Experts may not be able to agree on a definition for culture, but they apparently experience no difficulty in agreeing that culture is a difficult term to define (Edensor 2002; Hall 1980, cited in Park 2005). Susan Wright (1998) reports the existence of at least 164 definitions for culture. Noted sociologist and anthropologist Clyde Kluckhohn (1949) defined culture eleven different ways in his book Mirror for Man, and he and his colleagues (1952) catalogued more than 160 definitions for culture into six categories – descriptive, historical, normative, psychological, generic, and incomplete. Raymond Williams writes that, in the term culture, history has bestowed â€Å"one of the two or three most complicated words in the English language†, adding that culture can be used to refer to a wide range of phenomena and that the concept of culture has produced major political and philosophical disagreement (Williams 1983, cited in Chay 1990). Kluckhohn (1954) developed one of the most often cited definitions for culture in writing that it â€Å"consists in patterned ways of thinking, feeling and reacting, acquired and transmitted mainly by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievements of human groups, including their embodiments in artifacts†. Culture has also been defined as â€Å"that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society† (Tylor 1871, cited in Kluckhohn 1952); â€Å"the human-made part of the environment† (Herskovits 1955, cited in Earley and Randal 1997); â€Å"shared meaning systems† (Shweder and LeVine 1984, cited in Earley and Randal 1997); â€Å"the sum total and organization of the social heritages which have acquired a social meaning because of racial temperament and of the historical life of the group† (Park and Burgess 1921, cited in Kluckhohn 1952); â€Å"th e mode of life followed by the community or the tribe [including] all standardized social procedures† (Wissler 1929, cited in Kluckhohn 1952); â€Å"the sum of mens adjustments to their life-conditions†¦attained only through the combined action of variation, selection, and transmission† (Sumner and Keller 1927, cited in Kluckhohn 1952); and â€Å"a product of human association† (Groves 1928, cited in Kluckhohn 1952). In the aggregate, the various definitions just presented express the theme of shared meanings acquired then passed from generation to generation. They also describe culture at group and societal levels. Other experts describe the term from the perspective of the individual or otherwise provide for differences in cultural attributes within a group or society. Hofstede (1980, cited in Earley and Randel 1997) defines culture as â€Å"a set of mental programs that control an individuals responses in a given context†. Park (2005) describes culture as a â€Å"marker for difference† in society. And Rohner (1984, cited in Earley and Randel 1997) defines the term as â€Å"the totality of equivalent and complementary learned meanings maintained by a human population, or by identifiable segments of a population, and transmitted from one generation to the next†. The phrase â€Å"equivalent and complementary learned meanings† is critical to an understanding of Rohners definition, according to Earley and Randel, because it provides for individual variances in interpretations of â€Å"learned meanings† within a culture. Although these definitions represent only a small portion of those revealed from a review of the literature, they provide some insight into the range of thought on the topic of culture, especially perspectives on assessing culture at various levels – societal, group, and individual. As will be suggested, the difficulty experts have experienced in defining culture helps to explain why culture is a contested concept and why a solution to the definitional problem is important to resolving the debate about the role of culture in conflict resolution and, ultimately, to facilitating the conflict resolution process. Culture as a Contested Concept Fantasia and Hirsch (1995, cited in Ellis and Thompson, 1997) write, with a hint of sarcasm, that cultural theorists can take pride in their creation of a â€Å"contested terrain† in the study of culture. The literature review indicated that most experts who contest the concept of culture base their disputes on the belief that, in the modern world, there is no all-embracing culture in which everyone in a given society blindly holds precisely the same shared meanings, which is suggested by most traditional definitions of culture. The concept of culture has long been contested (Cooper and Denner 1998; Mathews 2000). Bhabha (1993) writes that, as people have increasingly migrated to other lands in modern times, they have only taken part of their total culture with them. The culture of these migrants becomes a mixture of the cultures from their native societies and those found in the society in which they entered. Heath (1997) writes that experts no longer consider culture to be a viable concept â€Å"in a world of volatile, situated, and overlapping social identities†, contending that various disciplines have taken issue with culture as a concept for various reasons. She writes that educators protest the concept on the basis of â€Å"its transmission of connotations of objectivity, discreteness, essentialism, and ahistoricism†; sociologists challenge the concept on the grounds of â€Å"production, mass consumerism, and popular entertainment†; and experts from the human sciences contest the â€Å"totalizing universalizing perspectives† of culture, replacing these â€Å"arbitrary constructions† with â€Å"permeable membranes† that are not â€Å"predictable or deterministic†. Heath (1997) also points to the â€Å"fuzzy boundaries† of culture, arguing that specific cultures are hard to isolate and claiming that variations are becoming apparent within groups that have been traditionally viewed as possessing unique cultures. Edensor (2002) writes that popular culture is having a major cross-cultural effect on traditional cultures. Childs and Storry (1999) claim that cultures are changing so quickly that â€Å"a snapshot of current cultural practices is inevitably going to be blurred†. Mathews (2000), in noting that even anthropologists are increasingly avoiding the term culture, poses the question as to whether â€Å"in todays world of global flows and interactions† cultural â€Å"labels† are appropriate and claims tha t individuals personally select which elements of a given culture to apply in their behavioural decisions. Brightman (1995, cited in Mathews 2000) notes that some experts are enclosing culture in quotation marks to indicate their â€Å"ambivalence, self-consciousness or censure† about the term. In closing, perhaps Earley and Randel (1997) offer the one of the more revealing insights into the controversy over the term culture: â€Å"We suggest that while the romance of culture as a grand concept capturing the complexity of society and life is tempting, this conceptualization is both limiting and misleading†. The Significance of Culture in Conflict Resolution Conflict resolution and culture are intrinsically intertwined. Rubin and colleagues (1994, cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry 1997) define conflict as â€Å"perceived divergence of interest, or a belief that parties current aspirations cannot be achieved simultaneously†. Hopmann (1998) contends that, in a complex world, conflict is unavoidable. Conflict is an inevitable consequence of the interdependence inherent in human interaction (Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry 1997). Processes used to resolve conflicts must be considered within a larger cultural context (Just 1991). Conflicts are cultural events in every sense of the word, according to Lederach (1991). Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997) write that â€Å"conflict resolution is a cultural phenomenon†. Avruch (1991) refers to conflicts and conflict resolution approaches as â€Å"cultural events†. Various studies have confirmed that conflict resolution processes are culture-specific (Avruch and Black 1991; Avurch, Black and Scimec ca 1991, cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry 1997). Ross (1993, cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry 1997) originated the term culture of conflict to describe the norms and institutions that a society applies in conflicts. Beliefs, attitudes, and patterns of behaviours about conflict are internalised by people in their cultural settings and, in turn, strengthened by cultural norms and institutions. And, because conflict is a cultural phenomenon, the methods used to perceive and respond to conflict are typically transparent to those involved because these methods are based on assumptions that they do not question. (Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry 1997) Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997) urge caution in applying conflict resolution approaches across cultural lines. For instance, they recommend that generic manuals prescribing conflict resolution procedures to be used in all cultural settings should be avoided (Avruch 1991). People involved in conflict resolution should be flexible and sensitive to cultural differences, according to Lederach (1991, cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist) and Benvenisti (1986, cited in Avruch 1991). Benvenisti chastises conflict resolvers â€Å"who believe that communal conflicts are like a chessboard where one can think up the best arrangement of chess pieces and move them all at once†. Cultures vary in the mechanisms they use in resolving conflict with some applying formal mechanisms such as court systems and others using informal approaches such as gossip, teasing, and exclusion (Black 1993; Fry 1992, 1994; Hollan 1988; White 1991, cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry 1997). Versi (2002) suggests that â€Å"if you know where the other person is coming from culturally†, you can develop a more effective approach to resolving conflict. Rubin (1994, cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry 1997), articulates four generic strategies used in conflict resolution: (1) contending, which involves a high level of concern for ones own results and a low level of concern for the others results; (2) problem solving, which involves high levels of concern for ones own results and those of the other party; (3) yielding, which involves a low level of concern for ones own results and a high level of concern for the others results; and (4) avoiding, which involves low levels of concern for ones own results and those of the other party. Of these, the authors argue that problem solving is the most effective strategy because it permits both contenders to win. Fortunately, the problem solving strategy is effective across a broad spectrum of cultures. In problem solving, the use of a non-partisan third-party facilitator has also been found to be effective across cultures (Black 1993, cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry 1997). The Culture Definition Dilemma and Its Effects on Optimal Conflict Resolution Outcomes The debate about culture, specifically the controversy surrounding the validity of culture as a concept, is important to the field of conflict resolution because cultural factors are so inexorably linked to conflicts and their effective resolutions. Results of the literature review of definitions for the term culture and the review of literature on culture as a contested concept suggest that definitions describing culture as a group or societal phenomenon without allowing for variance within the group or society may be at the root of the cultural concept validity dispute. As Bhabha (1993), Childs and Storry (1999), Edensor (2002), Heath (1997), and Mathews (2000) proffer, modern societies are increasingly integrating and, as this occurs, their members are mixing their unique cultural attributes with one another thereby blurring the distinctions that once defined individual cultures. But does this mean that the concept of culture is invalid? The answer to that question lies in the definitions of culture that allow for individual variance in cultural attributes. For instance, the definition offered by Rohner (1984, cited in Earley and Randel 1997), who defines the term as â€Å"the totality of equivalent and complementary learned meanings maintained by a human population, or by identifiable segments of a population, and transmitted from one generation to the next†, provides for individual variances in interpretations of â€Å"learned meanings† within a culture. This definition seems offer the flexibility to adequately define culture within the context of modern intermingled societies, thus revalidating the concept of culture. How, then, would a definition for culture that provides for individual variance relate to conflict resolution? Although a definition that considers everyone within a particular culture to share precisely the same cultural attributes would help to make conflict resolution a much more predictable process, such a definition does not reflect the realities of modern societies. However, knowing that members of a culture share â€Å"equivalent and complementary learned meanings†, as proposed by Rohner, permits a certain degree of predictability whilst simultaneously providing needed flexibility to accommodate individual variance. There may even be an additional benefit in this condition for practitioners in conflict resolution. Individual variance may actually serve to weaken strong cultural barriers that have, in the past, obstructed successful conflict resolution. For instance, as cultures integrate more fully, their members typically become more understanding of each others cultur al attributes. This understanding should provide an enhanced common basis for resolving conflicts and may even reduce the incidence of conflicts themselves. Conclusion In the modern global village, as opportunities increase for people and their cultures to interact, the need for effective conflict resolution has never been more critical or more difficult, yet experts in a variety of disciplines are engaged in seemingly endless philosophical arguments about the validity of culture as a concept, diverting their energies from what seem to be more productive endeavours such as developing new techniques for conflict resolution that could lead to a more peaceful world. Adopting a more flexible definition for culture – one that recognises individual variances and the realities of the modern world – would be a first step in achieving this worthy goal. References Avruch, K. (1991) Introduction: Culture and conflict-resolution, in K. Avruch, P. W. Black, and J. A. Scimecca, eds., Conflict Resolution: Cross Cultural Perspectives, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood. Avruch, K., and Black, P. W. (1991) The culture question and conflict resolution, Peace and Change 16. Cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997). Avruch, K., Black, P. W., and Scimecca, J. A., (1991) Conflict Resolution: Cross-Cultural Perspectives, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. Cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997). Benvenisti, Meron (1986) Conflicts and Contradictions, New York: Villard Books/Random House. Cited in Avruch (1991). Bhabha, Homi K. (1993) Cultures in between, Artforum International 32:1, September 1993. Bjà ¶rkqvist, Kaj, and Fry, Douglas P. (1997) Cultural Variation in Conflict Resolution: Alternatives to Violence, Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Black, D. (1993) The Social Structure of Right and Wrong, San Diego, California: Academic Press. Cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997). Brightman, R. (1995) Forget culture: Replacement, transcendence, relexification, Cultural Anthropology 10:4. Cited in Mathews (2000). Chay, Jongsuk (1990) Culture and International Relations, New York: Praeger. Childs, Peter, and Storry, Mike (1999) Encyclopedia of Contemporary British Culture, London: Routledge. Cooper, Catherine R., and Denner, Jill (1998) Theories linking culture and psychology: Universal and community-specific processes, Annual Review of Psychology 49. Earley, P. Christopher, and Randel, Amy E. (1997) Culture without borders: An individual-level approach to cross-cultural research in organizational behavior, in Cary L. Cooper and Susan E. Jackson, eds., Creating Tomorrows Organizations: A Handbook for Future Research in Organizational Behavior, Chichester: John Wiley Sons. Edensor, Tim (2002) National Identity, Popular Culture and Everyday Life, Oxford: Berg. Eliot, T. S. (1949) Notes Towards the Definition of Culture, New York: Harcourt Brace and Company, 62. Ellis, Richard J., and Thompson, Michael (1997) Culture Matters: Essays in Honor of Aaron Wildavsky, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press. Evans, Lord (2001) The economy of the imagination, New Statesman 130:4544, July 2, 2001. Fantasia, Rick, and Hirsch, Eric L. (1995), Culture and rebellion: the appropriation and transformation of the veil in the Algerian Revolution, in Hank Johnston and Bert Klandermans, eds., Social Movements and Culture, Minneapolis, Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press. Cited in Ellis and Thompson (1997). Fry, D. P. (1992) Female aggression among the Zapotec of Oaxaca, Mexico, in K. Bjà ¶rkqvist and P. Niemelà ¤, eds., Of Mice and Women: Aspects of Female Aggression, San Diego, California: Academic Press. Cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997). Fry, D. P. (1994) Maintaining social tranquillity: Internal and external loci of aggression control, in L. E. Sponsel and T. Gregor, eds., The Anthropology of Peace and Nonviolence, Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner. Cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997). Groves, E. R. (1928) An Introduction to Sociology, New York. Cited in Kluckhohn (1952). Hall, S. (1980) Cultural studies: Two paradigms, in F. E. N. B. Dirk and S. B. Ortner, eds., A Reader in Contemporary Social Theory, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Cited in Park (2005). Heath, Shirley Brice (1997) Culture: Contested realm in research on children and youth, Personality and Social Psychology Review 1:3. Herskovits, M. J. (1955) Cultural Anthropology, New York: Knopf. Cited in Earley and Randel (1997). Hofstede, G. (1980) Cultures Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values, Newbury Park, California: Sage. Cited in Earley and Randel (1997). Hollan, D. (1988) Staying cool in Toraja: Informal strategies for the management of anger and hostility in a non-violent society, Ethos 16. Cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997). Hopmann, Terrence (1998) The Negotiation Process and the Resolution of International Conflicts, Columbia, South Carolina: Columbia South Carolina Press. Just, Peter (1991) Conflict resolution and moral community among the Dou Donggo, in Kevin Avruch, Peter W. Black, and Joseph A. Scimecca, eds., Conflict Resolution: Cross-Cultural Perspectives, Westport, Connecticut: Praeger. Kluckhohn, C. (1949) Mirror for Man, New York: Wittlesey House. Kluckhohn, Clyde (1954) Culture and Behavior, New York: Free Press. Kluckhohn, Clyde et al. (1952) Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Peabody Museum. Lederach, John Paul (1991) Of nets, nails, and problems: The folk language of conflict resolution in a Central American settting, in Kevin Avruch, Peter W. Black, and Joseph A. Scimecca, eds., Conflict Resolution: Cross-Cultural Perspectives, Westport, Connecticut: Praeger. Mathews, Gordon (2000) Searching for Home in the Cultural Supermarket, London: Routledge. Park, R. E., and Burgess, E. W. (1921) Introduction to the Science of Sociology, Chicago. Cited in Kluckhohn (1952). Park, Yoosun (2005) Culture as deficit: A critical discourse analysis of the concept of culture in contemporary social work discourse, Journal of Sociology Social Work 32:3. Rohner, R. R. (1984) Toward a conception of culture for cross-cultural psychology, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 15:2. Cited in Earley and Randel (1997). Ross, M. H. (1993) The Management of Conflict, New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. Cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997). Rubin, J. Z., Pruitt, D. G., and Kim, S. H. (1994) Social Conflict: Escalation, Stalemate and Settlement, New York: McGraw-Hill. Cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997). Shweder, R. A. and LeVine, R. A. (1984) Culture Theory: Essays on Mind, Self, and Emotion, New York: Cambridge University Press. Cited in Earley and Randel (1997). Sumner, W. G., and Keller, A. G. (1927) The Science of Society, New Haven, Connecticut. Cited in Kluckhohn (1952). Tylor, E. B. (1871) Primitive Culture, Boston. Cited in Kluckhohn (1952). Versi, Anver (2002) Coping with culture clash, African Business, May 2002. White, G. M. (1991) Rhetoric, reality, and resolving conflicts: Disentangling in a Solomon Islands society, in K. Avruch, P. W. Black, and J. A. Schimecca, eds., Conflict Resolution: Cross-Cultural Perspectives, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood. Cited in Bjà ¶rkqvist and Fry (1997). Wissler, C. (1929) An Introduction to Social Anthropology, New York. Cited in Kluckhohn (1952). Williams, Raymond (1983) Keywords, London: Fontana. Cited in Chay (1990). Wright, Susan (1998) The politicization of culture, Anthropology Today 14:1.

Rights of Old People in New Zealand

Rights of Old People in New Zealand Nirpreet Kaur Brar ABSTRACT The main purpose of the report is to tell about the rights of the old people with common geriatric health conditions. It tells about the needs of the individuals and how they can meet with them. It also describes the codes of the practice and standards related to common geriatric health conditions for example Dementia etcetera. INTRODUCTION All the countries are facing the problems with elderly related to geriatric health conditions. In New Zealand ageing population placing an increased demand of support services. DHB’s have a need to provide the services for the older people in which they are treated so that they can make the best use of staff and high cost facilities. To provide good services to the old people it requires all the services and practitioners who are working with the old people should have holistic and client centred approach and also should have the understanding about the work. THE TASK Question 1 Critically review and discuss the principles involved in the person-centred approach to dementia and other common geriatric health condition’s care, with respect to the following: ANSWER: (1) Individuality: Culture change is a very long-term effort. It starts when analysing individual, team or organisation practice for identifying areas which requires development. About individual assumptions should never be made. They should never have to be fit in with you or your employer. Individuals should be supported and allowed for make their own choices. For every individual support and care needs should be tailored. This shows respect by preserving the individual’s dignity and individuality. Their personal beliefs should be respected. (2) Independence: You should allow the individuals to whom you are supporting to do things for themselves. You should take time to enable the individuals you are supporting to be independent. Don’t do things for them because it is quicker. Support them for doing things that they can do or almost they do because independence makes the people feel in control of their lives and gives them a sense of self-worth. (3) Privacy: you should understand the needs of the client related to privacy and support them in a way you work. (4) Choice: Every individual to whom you support and give care should allow making their own choices. They should be given information so that they can make choices. (5) Dignity: Dignity is that when we respected then what we feel that is important in society and in their lives. When individuals are eating, shopping, sleeping they should be dignified. The support workers should help them to do so. (6) Respect: You should support an individual in a way in which they are comfortable and what they believe is important related to their age, culture, sexuality etcetera. When you are working with other people or professionals you should not ignore your clients to whom you support. You should always include them in your conversation. (7) Rights: The individuals to whom you are caring and supporting should have the same rights as they were having at the time when they were independent. Each individual have the right to say no and the right to ask about the way in which you care and support them. They should have the right what to eat, what to wear and how to wear. They should have the right to make the friends of their own choice and how much time and how they spend with them. (8) Autonomy: With other professionals for working in partnership with colleagues, families and carers is an essential part to provide care and support. Person-centred care and support is about a whole range of people who are working together for improving the lives of individuals. Question 2 Critically review the non-person-centred approach to dementia and other common geriatric health condition’s care, from the Answer: (1) Institution perspective: People are not disease-specific. Through a quality and safety perspective, there is good reason for arguing for healthcare to be centred on patients or on people. It was argued that from medical error major reason for the high level of morbidity and mortality in many nations is due to healthcare being system-centred and doctor-centred. The involvements of patients and their families in healthcare, or patient-centred and family centred care, are now recognised to be an important partnership approach in ensuring the quality and safety of healthcare delivery .However, people with the highest health needs are often those who miss out on healthcare and, thus, can be identified neither as patients nor consumers. We argue that people-centred care ensures that healthcare is not only safe, but appropriate and accessible for all people (2) Bio-medical perspective: For scientific inquiry traditional approaches in a positivistic paradigm are relied on to maintain a distance between the phenomenon of interest and the researcher in a quest to reveal â€Å"truth† or a high degree of certainty. The researcher designs a study carefully for maximizing the distance through maintaining a neutral context-free approach and degree of objectivity. In the essence, the researchers attempts to hold themselves over and against a phenomenon, assuming a bird’s-eye view from a predetermined vantage point. Methodologically, control and manipulation of determinants of study variables are emphasized. By using such experimental approaches, a handful of neuroscientists have launched the AD movement in the 1960s, which results in rapid growth in four major areas of dementia research and practice. Question 3 Critically evaluate and discuss at least five of the following range of techniques used to meet the fluctuating abilities and needs of individuals with dementia and other common geriatric health conditions to maintain their health and wellbeing. Answer: (1) Reality-orientation approach Reality orientation has helped in declining the popularity over many years. Validation therapy emphasizes on the feelings that are behind the behaviors and statements. It emphasizes on the persons for talking about the reality in which they are in. Good reality orientation can result in a harsh imposition of the real reality and a good response to a question. Poor reality response results in bad response. The people using reality orientation must apply sensitivity and wisdom. In clinical experience both reality orientation and validation therapy understanding is immensely beneficial. Most beneficial response can be used according to person’s emotion state, personality and situation. (2) Validation approach: Validation is a method to interact with people who have dementia in the last stage of Alzheimer’s disease. People with last stage of Alzheimer’s disease exhibit abnormal behavior. For example they think that they are living in a different place or they may continuously repeat a physical gesture. Many people for example professionals think that caregivers should stop this type of behavior by stopping it or by correcting it. According to validation method this behavior is an attempt by the Alzheimer’s patient for communicating and expressing their needs. The main aim of the validation approach is to understand and emphasizes on the needs of the person trying to express. So the theory behind this method is the belief that the people with dementia do and say something for a reason. The validation in their words and actions is a way to encourage them to keep communication open with rest of the world. Other principle of validation states the o lder people are to be valued as is and those who have dementia should not be changed. Principles behind the validation approach:- Validation is the method to communicate with and to disorient the very old people which results in reducing the stress, enhancing dignity and increasing happiness. Validation practitioners are taught to be caring and judgmental and open to the feelings expressed by patient. This theory understands the patients who are in final stage of life they try to resolve unfinished issues in order to die in peace. (3) Holistic Approach:- When someone who reaches the later stages of a dementia-related illness such as Alzheimer s disease, to give care to them can be much for one person, even if others pitch in. People with dementia lose their ability to function in a certain progression, although there may be individual differences, First is the inability for doing independent daily living activities such as driving, paying bills, or taking medications. After that, essential daily functions such as eating, bathing, or using the bathroom independently become very difficult for them. This loss of function happens in different ways for different people, but in some instances, it can occur very quickly. Before your loved one reaches the point to need full-time care, you need to have a firm plan in place. That s where Memory Care comes in. The memory care is the third component of Erickson Living comprehensive Memory Support program. The first component is memory fitness designed for the people wanti ng their memory sharp. Memory health is a third component which is for the people who are in the later stage and who need support. (4) Assistive technologies: Assistive technology refers to a device or system which enables an individual to perform a task which they cannot perform independently and it increases the ease in which they can perform their task safely. It includes the device for helping the people who have problems in:- Speaking Hearing Eyesight Moving out Getting out and around Memory Cognition Socialising Daily living activities for example dressing and preparing meals Assistive technology helps in:- Promoting independence and autonomy to the person with dementia as well as to whom who are around Helping to manage potential risks in and around home Reducing early entry into care homes and hospitals Facilitating memory and recall Reducing the stress on carers, improving quality of life for them, and also with the person who have dementia. The technology available is:- (1)Memory aids Reminder messages Clocks and calendars Meditation aids Locater devices Aids for reminiscence and leisure (2)Telecare Floods Extreme temperatures Gas Falls Absence from a bed or chair Getting up in the night Leaving the home (5) Alternative therapies: The term complementary and alternative therapy includes many diverse forms of treatment. Complementary and alternative therapies are a high range of treatments that are outside of conventional medicine and which are used for treating and preventing illness and promoting health and well-being. Practitioners of complementary therapies are not much trained for diagnosing disease. The area of complementary and alternative medicine is controversial and it changes regularly. The therapies that are considered complementary or alternative in one country that may be considered conventional in another. Therapies that are now considered alternative that may become more mainstream over time, as researcher discover their effectiveness and become integrated into mainstream health care practice. Some of the complementary and alternative therapies are now available on the NHS, although this varies from region to region. Question-4 Critically analyse and discuss the impacts of equality, and cultural and diversity issues on the provision of the person-centred approach to individuals with dementia and other common geriatric health conditions within Answer (1) public health and health promotion Cultural competency is at the core of high quality, patient-cantered care, and it directly impacts how care is delivered and received. According to the Institute of Medicine’s report, Unequal Treatment Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare, a consistent body of research indicates a lack of culturally competent care directly contributes to poor patient outcomes, reduced patient compliance, and increased health disparities, regardless of the quality of services and systems available. In addition to improving care quality and patient satisfaction, delivering culturally competent care increases job satisfaction and contributes to staff retention. Impacts include:- Families may not know the right questions to ask regarding service offered within the organization, limits on what the organization can do for the residents/patients, resources that are available, or how they engage those resources. Families do not or cannot—for cultural or linguistic reasons—discuss their expectations with the organization. Families may find it hard to visit and participate in programs with residents, especially if they do not have access to transportation. Volunteerism is not part of the value system in some ethno-cultural communities, and adult children may not be interested in participating in social and cultural activities with residents. Without the encouragement and support of community partners, organizations face challenges in meeting the needs of residents from recently arrived or smaller ethno-cultural or religious groups. Regulatory requirements may restrict the degree to which organizations can adapt their current practices to accommodate ethnic groups with different perspectives and backgrounds. Attitudes to health and demand for healthcare Staff expects promptness Staff expects compliance Staff takes paternal approach Staff disrespects non-traditional healing practices Staff does not consider residents’/patients’ conflict regarding familiar belief systems and current practices Staff does not keep an open mind Question-5 Critically analyse and discuss the impacts that health sector standards and codes of practice, and other published standards have on the person-centred practice approach for individuals with dementia and other common geriatric health conditions. Answer: Healthcare Quality Professionals are defined as a standard of conduct deep-rooted in commitment, confidentiality, and relationships. By committing to improvement of performance and by integrity maintenance, the Healthcare Quality Professional can recognize the personal accountability and moral obligation to all customers which are served—clients, employers, employees, organisations, physicians, and the public. Healthcare Quality Professionals promote the profession’s dignity are committed to practicing the profession with integrity, honesty, and accountability. To respect all laws and to refuse to participate in or conceal any unethical, false, fraudulent, or deceptive activity:- †¢ to practice the profession with honesty, integrity, and accountability †¢ maintaining the level of competency as outlined in the Standards of Practice for Healthcare Quality Professionals †¢ seeking the trust and confidence of all customers †¢ supporting the Standards of Practice for Healthcare Quality Professionals †¢ respecting all laws and avoiding involvement in any false, fraudulent, or deceptive activity †¢ promoting the right of privacy for all individuals and protecting the maintenance of confidential information to the fullest extent permitted by law †¢ using expertise to inform employers or clients of possible positive and negative outcomes of management decisions in an effort to facilitate informed decision making †¢ giving credit for the work of others to whom it is due †¢ aiding the professional development and advancement of colleagues †¢ using the Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality (CPHQ) designation only after passing the written examination, adhering to standards established by the Healthcare Quality Certification Board (HQCB) and continuing to maintain those standards through the recertification process †¢ maintaining membership in professional organizations as a means of promoting quality and professional growth and avoiding the use of such membership for the sole purpose of solicitation of business or for personal financial gain. †¢ Healthcare Quality Professionals’ primary commitment is to the health, wellbeing, and safety of patients. They must take appropriate actions regarding any instances of incompetent, unethical, illegal, or impaired practice. They work to promote cultural change that encourages the reporting of events that may result in actual or potential harm to patients or others. Standards of practice:- †¢ maintains active personal and professional development programs in the field of healthcare quality and exhibits a broad range of knowledge †¢ creates and supports an environment that fosters teamwork, emphasizes quality, recognizes the customer, and promotes learning †¢ maintains a commitment to the improvement of the professional through participation in, and active support of, the local, state, and national professional organizations †¢ addresses concerns and takes formal actions to resolve or report the unethical or questionable practices to the appropriate channels. †¢ Supports the Code of Ethics for Healthcare Quality Professionals RECOMMENDATIONS Good services should be provided to the patients suffering from dementia and othe geriatric conditions. There should be good codes of ethics and standards of practice for the people and they must be followed. Conclusion The group believed that good management services are necessary for every patient. There should be suitable principles for providing care and support to the patient. REFRENCES Ministry of health: guideline for specialist health services for older people (2004).Retrieved fromhttps://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/documents/guidelines.doc Person centre support retrieved from https://www.health.vic.gov.au>Dementia-friendly environments. Strategies The international journal of person cantered medicine (2012) Retrieved from https://www.tpk.govt.nz/_/wo-nzjouneytowardspeoplecentredcare.pdf Using reality orientation in the treatment of people with Alzheimer’s disease ( may 2014) Retrieved from https://www.Alzheimer’s.about.com>>Treatment options Diversity and culture competency in healthcare settings Retrieved from https://www.matherlifewaysinstituteonaging.com//Diversity-and-Cultural-Com... Codes of ethics and standards of practice Retrieved from http://www.nahq.org/uploads/files/about/condestandards.pdf